Page 31 - ISAKOS 2020 Newsletter Volume 2

CURRENT CONCEPTS
The second technique, tissue-engineering, is more complex. With this method, cells are embedded inside a three- dimensional scaffold other matrix carrier to form a tissue-like construct that is fixed on top of, or inside a defect. Originally, the iliac crest was the primary choice of location for bone- marrow aspiration for MSCs. More recently, SVF cells, usually obtained from the biological waste generated during liposuction or lipectomy, have been identified as an option.
It should be noted that up to 500 times more cells can be isolated from fat tissue as compared with an equivalent amount of bone marrow2. However, many questions remain surrounding whether or not the concentration difference is real with respect to CTPs and whether or not SVF cells function in the same way. There are also several issues associated with obtaining adipose tissue, which must be digested in order to gain the theorized cell numbers that have been mentioned in previous studies. Nevertheless, local access to MSCs without the need for additional donor-site morbidity is advantageous.
In summary, is important to know the background when reading and interpreting research article about “stem cells,” “concentration of cells,” and the “number of cells.” Hopefully, this article will help to provide a better understanding of biological augmentation and tissue engineering in the field of orthopaedic surgery.
References
1. Diederichs S, Richter W (2020) Stammzelltherapie. Arthroskopie 33:67-70 2. Fraser JK, Wulur I, Alfonso Z, Hedrick MH (2006) Fat tissue: an underappreciated source of stem cells for biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol 24:150-154 3. Voss A, et al. Enhancing the Healing Environment: Cuff Biologies In: Provencher M, Cole B, Romeo A, Boileau P, Verma N, eds. Disorders of the Rotator Cuff and Biceps Tendon - 1st Edition: Elsevier; 2019:276-290. 4. Voss A, McCarthy MB, Allen D, Cote MP, Beitzel K, Imhoff AB, et al. (2016) Fibrin Scaffold as a Carrier for Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Growth Factors in Shoulder Rotator Cuff Repair. Arthrosc Tech 5:e447-451 5. Voss A, McCarthy MB, Hoberman A, Cote MP, Imhoff AB, Mazzocca AD, et al. (2016) Extracellular Matrix of Current Biological Scaffolds Promotes the Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Arthroscopy 32:2381-2392 e2381
Richard "Dick" Tooth, MD 1929-2020
Dr. Richard Murray Tooth was born at home in a small country town, Bombala in NSW, at the beginning of the great depression on September 21, 1929. Dick was a national icon of the Orthopaedics and Rugby Union. From his early days he demonstrated great athleticism and humility. His legacy is tremendous; Captain of the Wallabies, single figure golfer, A-grade tennis player, represented NSW in surf life-saving and squash. He was a Sydney–Hobart sailor as well as an accomplished pilot, flying to country centers providing outlying orthopaedic care. Dick would visit America regularly and visit the big three; Don Slocum, Don O’Donoghue and Jack Hughston to learn of the latest trends. It was through this connection that I was able to spend a year with Dr. Hughston. He was a major link in establishing international
knee communication through the “International Knee Society”, becoming a founding member and its President for the Sydney meeting. He was a superb surgeon and teacher. He did the first knee reconstruction in NSW.
Being a pioneer in sports surgery, he saved a multitude of Australian sporting careers.
Dick, as well as being a great leader and mentor, was a great family man and leaves his beautiful wife of sixty six years, Marianne, and four children Robyn, Chris, Lianne and Kate.
-Mervyn J. Cross OAM, MBBS, MD, FRACS AUSTRALIA
ISAKOS NEWSLETTER 2020: VOLUME II 29