2015 ISAKOS Biennial Congress ePoster #2317

Enlargement of Glenoid Defects in Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability: Influence of the Number of Recurrences and Type of Sport

Shigeto Nakagawa, MD, Osaka, Osaka JAPAN
Ritsuro Ozaki, MD, Osaka, Osaka JAPAN
Take Yasuhiro, MD, PhD, Osaka, Osaka JAPAN
Naoko Mizuno, MD, Toyonaka, Osaka JAPAN
Tatsuo Mae, MD, PhD, Suita, Osaka JAPAN
Kenji Hayashida, MD, Osaka JAPAN
Minoru Yoneda, MD, DMSc, Kashiwa-city, Chiba JAPAN

Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Yukioka Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, JAPAN

FDA Status Not Applicable

Summary: In traumatic anterior shoulder instability the glenoid defect became significantly larger along with an increasing number of dislocations/subluxations. Although recurrent subluxation without dislocation also influenced the glenoid defect size, the number of dislocations did not. Glenoid defects were significantly smaller in male baseball players and female athletes than in male collision athletes

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Abstract:

Background

Large glenoid rim defects in patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability are often regarded as a contraindication for arthroscopic Bankart repair, with a defect of 20% to 27% generally being considered as the critical size. While recurrence of dislocations, male gender, and contact sports were reported to be the significant factors influencing the large glenoid defects, the influence of subluxations and more detailed type of sports were not investigated.

Purpose

To investigate the influence of the number of dislocations and subluxations and type of sport on the occurrence and size of glenoid defects in detail.

Methods

A total of 223 shoulders (60 with primary instability and 163 with recurrent instability) were prospectively examined by computed tomography. Glenoid rim morphology was compared between primary and recurrent instability. In patients with recurrent instability, the relation between the glenoid defect and the number of dislocations and subluxations was investigated. In addition, glenoid defects were compared among 49 male American football players, 41 male rugby players, 27 male baseball players, and 25 female athletes.

Results

The mean extent of the glenoid defect was 3.5% in shoulders with primary instability and 11.3% in those with recurrent instability. A glenoid defect was detected in 108 shoulders (66.2%) with recurrent instability versus 12 shoulders (20%) with primary instability. Regarding the influence of the total number of dislocations/subluxations, the average extent of the glenoid defect was 6.3% in 85 shoulders with 2-5 events, 12.9% in 34 shoulders with 6-10 events, and 19.6% in 44 shoulders with 11 or more events. The glenoid defect became significantly larger along with an increasing number of recurrences. Although recurrent subluxation without dislocation also influenced the glenoid defect size, the number of dislocations did not. The average extent of the glenoid defect was 12.0% in rugby players, 8.9% in American football players, 4.7% in female athletes, and 4.5% in baseball players. Glenoid defects were significantly smaller in male baseball players and female athletes than in male collision athletes.

Conclusions

The glenoid defect is significantly enlarged by damage due to recurrent dislocation and subluxation, so glenoid rim morphology differs markedly between primary and recurrent instability. Glenoid defect size is also influenced by sex and by the type of sport.