Summary

This study evaluates the mid-term clinical outcomes and safety of medial meniscus allograft transplantation (MMAT) using a bone-bridge technique, demonstrating its efficacy in addressing meniscal deficiency and achieving significant patient satisfaction.

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate mid-term clinical outcomes and safety of arthroscopic medial meniscus allograft transplantation (MMAT) using a bone-bridge technique. Additionally, a comprehensive overview of this technique is presented.

Methods

A prospective, single-center longitudinal study was conducted, including consecutive patients who underwent MMAT. From 2014 to 2022, a total of 17 patients (11 females) received MMAT using a minimally invasive arthroscopic approach with the bone-bridge technique. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using internationally standardized and validated questionnaires, including the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm score, and Tegner activity scale. Patient satisfaction was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Complication rates, including graft failure, the necessity for revision MMAT, or conversion to arthroplasty, were documented.

Results

The mean follow-up period was 4.2 ± 0.5 years. The mean patient age was 32.7 ± 11.5 years, and the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.2 ± 4.1 kg/m². MMAT was performed on the right knee in 9 patients (53%). Concomitant surgical procedures were performed in 8 patients (47%). Graft failure occurred in 1 patient (6%), leading to a unicompartmental knee replacement. Post-operative assessments revealed significant improvements in IKDC, KOOS, Lysholm, VAS for satisfaction, and Tegner scores. No significant differences in clinical outcomes were observed between patients who underwent isolated MMAT and those who had MMAT combined with other procedures.

Conclusion

MMAT with bone-bridge fixation is a safe and effective intervention for treating meniscal deficiency and salvaging knees post-meniscectomy. The technique's mid-term success rates and high levels of patient satisfaction, along with its favorable safety profile, support its broader clinical application.