2025 ISAKOS Biennial Congress ePoster
Analysis of Hospital Outcomes and Complications in Robot-Assisted Primary Total Knee Replacement Versus Conventional Surgery: A Cohort Study.
Adrian Gil Torrano, MD, Murcia, Murcia SPAIN
Jordi Colomina Morales, MD, Lleida SPAIN
Pau Sole Florensa, MD, Lleida, Lleida SPAIN
Pilar Señor Revuelto, MD, Lleida SPAIN
César Salamanca Ontiveros, MD, Lleida, Cataluña SPAIN
Federico Garcia De Luis, MD, Lleida, Lérida SPAIN
University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova; University Hospital Santa María, Lleida, Lleida, SPAIN
FDA Status Not Applicable
Summary
A Cohort study was carried out by comparing hospital indicators and complications of 250 patients treated with total knee arthroplasty, of which 185 were underwent by conventional surgery and 85 by robot-assisted surgery. Although most results were based on robot-assisted surgery, none were statistically significant. Long-term prospective studies are needed.
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Abstract
Introduction
Robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty offers precise bone cuts, enables achieving the desired alignment, and ensures symmetrical balance in the joint space. As the adoption of this technology continues to grow, it becomes imperative to assess its outcomes rigorously. Consequently, we undertook this study to compare various parameters between the two surgical approaches.
Objectives:
The aim of this study is to compare hospitalization indicators and complications associated with Robot-assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty (rTKA) against conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty (cTKA).
Material and Methodology:
A retrospective cohort study comprising 250 patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty was conducted. Among these, 65 patients underwent rTKA, while 185 patients underwent cTKA over 13 months, adhering to the same preoperative and postoperative enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Our analysis encompassed demographic variables (age, sex, ASA classification), hospitalization indicators (length of stay, time to first sitting and ambulation, analgesic rescue requirements, haemoglobin loss, and transfusions), and complications (90-day readmissions and postoperative acute infections).
Results
The demographic variables did not reveal any significant differences. Regarding to hospitalization indicators: the average length of stay stood at 3.45 days for rTKA and 3.64 days for cTKA (p=0.256). In reference to the average time to first sitting, it was 0.29 days for rTKA and 0.36 days for cTKA, while for ambulation, it was 0.46 days for rTKA and 0.5 days for cTKA (p=0.57). There were no significant differences in analgesic rescue requirements (p=0.28). Notably, an analgesic block was needed for 31 cTKA patients and 18 rTKA patients (p=0.08). Mean haemoglobin loss was recorded as 2.36 mg/dL in cTKA (with 2 transfused patients) and 2.14 mg/dL in rTKA (without transfusions) (p=0.11). Readmissions occurred in 2.5% of cTKA cases (inclusive of 2 postoperative acute infections) in contrast to 1.5% in rTKA (devoid of infections). While most findings favored rTKA, they lacked statistical significance. Numerous studies highlight differences in parameters such as proper alignment, but it is not the focus of our study. It's plausible that our Rapid-recovery protocol equally influences both groups, complicating the discernment of statistically significant differences.
Conclusion
No significant differences have been observed in any of the parameters studied. However, the majority favored rTKA. Therefore, long-term prospective studies are necessary.