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Safety of Single Intra-Articular Local Anesthetic Infusion in Knee Arthroscopy: An In Vivo Histological Study on Rat Cartilage

Safety of Single Intra-Articular Local Anesthetic Infusion in Knee Arthroscopy: An In Vivo Histological Study on Rat Cartilage

Antonios T. Kouzelis, MD, PhD, GREECE Ioannis N Vrachnis, MD, GREECE Dionysios Papachristou, Professor, GREECE Sophia Sourouni, MD,PHD, GREECE Andreas Panagopoulos, Associate Professor, GREECE Minos Tyllianakis, MD, PhD, GREECE Ioannis Gliatis, MD, PhD, Assistant Proffessor, GREECE

University Hospital of Patras, 1Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece 2 Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece , Patras, GREECE


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Anatomic Location

Anatomic Structure

Diagnosis / Condition

Treatment / Technique

Diagnosis Method

Sports Medicine

Cartilage


Summary: In this experimental study we examined rat cartilage for possible histological lesions, after a single intra-articular effusion of lidocaine or ropivacaine


Objectives: Constant infusion of local anesthetics through pain pumps has been proved to cause chondrolysis. However, there is no general consensus regarding the safety of a single intra-articular injection of local anesthetic. In this experimental study we examined rat cartilage for possible histological lesions, after a single intra-articular effusion of lidocaine or ropivacaine

Material And Methods

Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in two groups of sixteen. We injected lidocaine on the left knee of the rats of the first group and ropivacaine on the rats of the second group. The right knee of the rats in both groups was used as control and an equal amount of normal saline was infused. Each group was further divided in subgroups of four, which were euthanized after one, seven, twenty-one and sixty days after the initial effusion. Knees were excised and prepared for observation in light microscope. A modified version of MANKIN score was used for cartilage damage evaluation

Results

No difference regarding cartilage damage was detected after the macroscopic observation and the examination under light microscopy between lidocaine and placebo or ropivacaine and placebo in all cases. Time elapsed since the initial injection did not affect the results.

Conclusion

Single intra-articular injection of local anesthetic did not induce any histological lesions in the rat cartilage. Further research is needed to demonstrate the safety in humans.


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