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Success of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention vs Revision In Early And Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary TKA: A Prospective, Multicenter Study of 251 Cases

Richard Rahardja, MBChB, BMedSc(Hons)
NEW ZEALAND

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Success of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention vs Revision In Early And Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary TKA: A Prospective, Multicenter Study of 251 Cases

Mark Zhu, MBChB, NEW ZEALAND Richard Rahardja, MBChB, BMedSc(Hons), NEW ZEALAND Laurens Manning, MBChB, AUSTRALIA Sarah Metcalf, MBChB, NEW ZEALAND Simon W. Young, MD, FRACS, NEW ZEALAND

North Shore Hospital, Auckland, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND

2023 Congress ePoster Presentation 2023 Congress Not yet rated

Anatomic Location

Knee

Diagnosis / Condition

Infection

Treatment / Technique

Arthroplasty

Summary: In PJIs occurring more than one year after the primary, staged revision is more effective than DAIR

Introduction

For surgeons treating prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the indications for debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) are unclear. The Auckland classification divides PJIs into “early” infections occurring within one year of primary, and “late” infections occurring after one year. Previous studies have demonstrated higher success rate of DAIR within one year of the primary arthroplasty. This study aimed to compare the success rate of DAIR vs revision in “early” and “late” infections to provide guidance for choosing the preferred treatment strategy.

Methods

The Prosthetic Joint Infection in Australia and New Zealand Observational (PIANO) is a prospective cohort study of PJIs between July 2014 and December 2017 in 27 hospitals across Australia and New Zealand. This study included PIANO patients with first time PJIs occurring after primary TKA. Baseline patient and surgical data were collected on patient enrolment and follow-up completed at 1- and 2-years. Treatment success was defined as the patient being alive, free from further revision and without clinical or microbiological evidence of reinfection at two years follow-up.

Patients were classified into the DAIR and Revision groups based on the treatment strategy selected. Patients with a sinus tract or treated with non-curative intent were excluded. “Early” and “late” infections were analyzed separately. Univariate analysis was performed to compare demographic and disease specific factors compared between the DAIR and Revision groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression was performed to identify whether treatment strategy and other risk factors were associated with treatment success in “early” and “late” infections.

Results

Of the 117 'early’ (<1 year) infections, 93 were initially managed with DAIR and 24 with revision. There were no differences in patient demographics (Age, gender, BMI, comorbidities) or disease factors (CRP on admission, organism type) between those treated with DAIR or revision. The DAIR group had a significantly greater proportion of patients with duration of symptoms less than 21 days (88.2% vs 45.8%, p<0.001). The treatment success rate was 56% in the DAIR group and 54% in the revision group for “early” infections (p=0.88). No independent risk factors were associated with treatment outcome on multivariate analysis.

Of 134 ‘late’ (>1 year) infections, 96 were initially managed with DAIR and 38 with revision. Patients in the DAIR group were more likely to have CRP>65 on presentation (89.6% vs 63.2%, p<0.001) and duration of symptoms <21days (91.7% vs 42.1%, p<0.001). The treatment success rate in “late” infections was 34.4% in the DAIR group and 60.5% in the Revision group (OR 3.07 p=0.006). On multivariate analysis, Revision was associated with 2.47x higher odds of treatment success (p=0.04) when compared to DAIR. Patients with at least one significant co-morbidity (OR 2.27, p=0.045) or with Staphylococcus aureus PJIs (OR 2.5, p=0.042) had higher odds of treatment failure.

Discussion And Conclusion

In “late” PJIs occurring greater than one year following primary TKA, a treatment strategy with revision rather than DAIR was associated with greater treatment success. Patients with significant comorbidities and Staphylococcus aureus PJIs were at higher risk of failure, regardless of treatment strategy.

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Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ePoster Presentation Brian Rao, BS, UNITED STATES Alex C. Dibartola, MD, MPH, UNITED STATES Eric Milliron, BS, UNITED STATES Parker Cavendish, BS, UNITED STATES James C. Kirven, BS, UNITED STATES Spencer E. Talentino, MD, UNITED STATES Charles Qin, MD, UNITED STATES Ryan H. Barnes, MD, UNITED STATES Robert A. Duerr, MD, UNITED STATES Christopher C. Kaeding, MD, UNITED STATES Robert A Magnussen, MD, MPH, UNITED STATES David C. Flanigan, MD, UNITED STATES
Detection Loosening of Total Knee Arthroplasty Implant from Plain Radiograph Using Machine Learning Algorithm ePoster Presentation Man-Soo Kim, MD, PhD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Dongho Kwak, MD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Sungcheol Yang, MD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Hyukjin Jang, MD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Ryu Kyoung Cho, MD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Yong In, MD, PhD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Large Reduction In Postoperative Posterior Tibial Slope Risks Anterior Collapse Of The Tibial Component In Fixed-Bearing Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty ePoster Presentation Kazuhisa Hatayama, MD, PhD, JAPAN Masanori Terauchi, MD, JAPAN Shingo Kurihara, MD, JAPAN Satoshi Nonaka, MD, JAPAN Hibiki Kakiage, MD, JAPAN
Participation of Physical Activity Following Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis ePoster Presentation Ahmed A Magan, BM BSc (Hons) MRCS (Eng) FRCS (Eng) Trauma & Orth, UNITED KINGDOM Babar Kayani, BSc (HONS), MBBS, MRCS (Eng), UNITED KINGDOM Warran Wignadasan, MBBS, BSc (Hons), MRCS, UNITED KINGDOM Dia Eldean Giebaly, MBChB, MSc, FRCS, EMBA, UNITED KINGDOM Flaminia Ronca, PHD, UNITED KINGDOM Fares S. Haddad, MCh(Orth), BSc, FRCS(Orth), UNITED KINGDOM
The Effect of Minor Adjustments to Tibial and Femoral Component Position on Soft Tissue Balance in Robotic Total Knee Arthroplasty ePoster Presentation Simon W. Young, MD, FRACS, NEW ZEALAND Matthew Carter, NEW ZEALAND Gavin William Clark, MBBS, FRACS, AUSTRALIA Christina Esposito, PhD, AUSTRALIA Matthew Walker, MBChB, FRACS, NEW ZEALAND
Differences In Pain, Sleep Status And Functional Recovery Between TKA And UKA ePoster Presentation Takeo Mammoto, MD, JAPAN
Bilateral Simultaneous Unicompartimental Knee Arthroplasty. Midterm Results in 86 Arthroplasties with an Average Follow-Up Of 6.2 Years ePoster Presentation Stefano Gaggiotti, MD, ARGENTINA Gabriel Gaggiotti, MD, ARGENTINA Santino Gaggiotti, MD, ARGENTINA Julio Cesar Ringa
"The Other Partial Knee"- Milling System Technique for Patellofemoral Arthroplasty in 250 Patients ePoster Presentation Alexander P. Sah, MD, UNITED STATES
Comparison of Outcomes between Fungal and Non-fungal Periprosthetic Joint Infections in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis ePoster Presentation Hong Yeol Yang, MD, PhD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Jong-Keun Seon, MD, PhD, Prof, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Short-Term Clinical Outcome Of Functionally Aligned Robotic-Assisted BCS TKA is Better Than That Of Mechanically Aligned Navigation-Assisted BCS TKA ePoster Presentation Daisuke Hamada, MD, PhD, JAPAN Keizo Wada, MD, JAPAN Yasuaki Tamaki, MD, JAPAN Yasuyuki Omichi, MD, JAPAN Tomohiro Goto, MD, PhD, JAPAN Koichi Sairyo, MD, PhD, JAPAN
Clinical Comparison and Survival Rate Between Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty and High Tibial Osteotomy With An External Fixator For Varus Knee In Patients Younger Than 60 Years at Mid-Term Follow-Up ePoster Presentation Amit Kumar Yadav, M.S (Orth),DNB(Orth),MNAMS, UNITED KINGDOM Riccardo D'Ambrosi, MD, ITALY Mangal Parihar, MS Ortho, INDIA
Bicruciate Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty Improved Anteroposterior Displacement in Mid-Flexion Range ePoster Presentation Keinosuke Ryu, Prof., JAPAN Takanori Iriuchisima, MD, JAPAN
Same Complication Rate After Day-Case Procedure Or Fast-Track Procedure After Total Hip And Knee Arthroplasty. A Prospective, Propensity Score-Matched Case-Control Study ePoster Presentation Jean-Yves Jenny, Prof., FRANCE Vincent Gisonni, MD, FRANCE
A Prospective Randomised Study to Compare the Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Functionally Aligned versus Mechanically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty with Robotic Arm Assistance ePoster Presentation Jai Thilak Kailathuvalapil, MS, MCh, FRCS, INDIA Amal Antony Paul, MBBS, INDIA
Does Robotic Assisted Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Restore Native Jointline More Accurately Than With Conventional Instruments? ePoster Presentation Ashok Kumar Podhili Subramani, MS, INDIA Shantanu S. Patil, MBBS, MS(Orth), INDIA SAWAN PAWAR, MBBS MS (ORTH), INDIA Kalaivanan Kanniyan, MBBS MS Orth, INDIA karthik jayachandran, MS, INDIA PICHAI SURYANARAYAN, MBBS MS ORTH, INDIA
Factors Associated With Failure and Survivorship Following Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Single-Center Experience ePoster Presentation Anirudh K Gowd, MD, UNITED STATES Johannes F. Plate, MD, PhD, UNITED STATES Asher Lichtig, MD, UNITED STATES Orhan Yanmis, MD, UNITED STATES Gary G. Poehling, MD, UNITED STATES

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Success of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention vs Revision In Early And Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary TKA: A Prospective, Multicenter Study of 251 Cases

Success of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention vs Revision In Early And Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary TKA: A Prospective, Multicenter Study of 251 Cases

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion And Conclusion

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Success of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention vs Revision In Early And Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary TKA: A Prospective, Multicenter Study of 251 Cases

Success of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention vs Revision In Early And Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary TKA: A Prospective, Multicenter Study of 251 Cases

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion And Conclusion

More 2023 ISAKOS Congress Content